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Stronger induction of callose deposition in barley by Russian wheat aphid than bird cherry‐oat aphid is not associated with differences in callose synthase or β‐1,3‐glucanase transcript abundance
Author(s) -
Saheed Sefiu A.,
Cierlik Izabela,
Larsson Kristina A. E.,
Delp Gabriele,
Bradley Graeme,
Jonsson Lisbeth M. V.,
Botha Christiaan E. J.
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
physiologia plantarum
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.351
H-Index - 146
eISSN - 1399-3054
pISSN - 0031-9317
DOI - 10.1111/j.1399-3054.2008.01180.x
Subject(s) - callose , russian wheat aphid , aphid , biology , rhopalosiphum padi , chlorosis , botany , phloem , hordeum vulgare , poaceae , aphididae , homoptera , pest analysis , cell wall
The effects of infestation by the bird cherry‐oat aphid (BCA), ( Rhopalosiphum padi L) and the Russian wheat aphid (RWA) ( Diuraphis noxia Mordvilko) on callose deposition and transcription of genes related to callose accumulation were investigated in barley ( Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Clipper). The BCA, which gives no visible symptoms, induced very limited callose deposition, even after 14 days of infestation. In contrast, RWA, which causes chlorosis, white and yellow streaking and leaf rolling, induced callose accumulation already after 24 h in longitudinal leaf veins. The deposition was pronounced after 72 h, progressing during 7 and 14 days of infestation. In RWA‐infested source leaves, callose was also induced in longitudinal veins basipetal to the aphid‐infested tissue, whereas in sink leaves, more callose deposition was found above the feeding sites. Eight putative callose synthase genes were identified in a database search, of which seven were expressed in the leaves, but with similar transcript accumulation in control and aphid‐infested tissue. Five out of 12 examined β‐1,3‐glucanases were expressed in the leaves. All five were upregulated in RWA‐infested tissue, but only two in BCA‐infested tissue, and to a lesser extent than by RWA. The results suggest that callose accumulation may be partly responsible for the symptoms resulting from RWA infestation and that a callose‐inducing signal may be transported in the phloem. Furthermore, it is concluded that the absence of callose deposition in BCA‐infested leaves is not because of a stronger upregulation of callose‐degrading β‐1,3‐glucanases in this tissue, as compared to RWA‐infested leaves.