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Induction and repression of phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase and chalcone synthase enzyme proteins and mRNAs in carrot cell suspension cultures regulated by 2,4‐D
Author(s) -
Ozeki Yoshihiro,
Komamine Atsushi,
Tanaka Yoshiyuki
Publication year - 1990
Publication title -
physiologia plantarum
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.351
H-Index - 146
eISSN - 1399-3054
pISSN - 0031-9317
DOI - 10.1111/j.1399-3054.1990.tb09055.x
Subject(s) - chalcone synthase , phenylalanine ammonia lyase , enzyme , biochemistry , phenylalanine , enzyme assay , microbiology and biotechnology , protein biosynthesis , biology , biosynthesis , anthocyanin , lyase , chemistry , amino acid , food science
Changes in the amounts of enzyme proteins and mRNAs for phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase (PAL, EC 4.3.1.5) and chalcone synthase (CHS, EC 6.‐.‐.‐) were investigated in suspension cultures of carrot ( Daucus carola L. cv. Kurodagosun), in which anthocyanin synthesis was induced and repressed in the absence and presence of 2,4‐dichrolophenoxyaeetic acid (2,4‐D), respectively. The amounts of enzyme proteins were measured using anti‐PAL and anti‐CHS sera. In a medium lacking 2,4‐D, enzyme proteins and mRNAs for both PAL and CHS were induced 5 days after transfer, when the anthocyanin synthesis was induced. They all increased coordinately during days 5‐7 after transfer, when anthocyanin was rapidly synthesized, and then they decreased. In contrast, in a medium containing 2,4‐D, the amount of enzyme protein and mRNA for CHS were below detectable levels throughout the culture time. As regards PAL, however, whether 2,4‐D was present or not, both enzyme protein and mRNA rapidly increased after the transfer of cells to fresh medium, and then decreased and remained at low levels in a medium containing 2,4‐D. The addition of 2,4‐D to cells cultured for 6 days in a medium lacking 2,4‐D caused an immediate decrease in the amounts of enzyme proteins and mRNAs for both PAL and CHS. All the results obtained here indicate that the induction and suppression of the synthesis of PAL and CHS were probably due lo increase and decrease, respectively, in the amounts of their mRNAs. Thus, it is suggested that the induction and suppression of anthocyanin in this system may be regulated at the transcriptional level by 2,4‐D.