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The effect of isoproturon on root growth and ultrastructure of the photosynthetic apparatus of two wheat cultivars and a weed
Author(s) -
Felipe M. R.,
Pozuelo J. M.,
Lucas M. M.,
Fernández del Campo F.
Publication year - 1986
Publication title -
physiologia plantarum
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.351
H-Index - 146
eISSN - 1399-3054
pISSN - 0031-9317
DOI - 10.1111/j.1399-3054.1986.tb05967.x
Subject(s) - lolium rigidum , thylakoid , biology , chloroplast , cultivar , hill reaction , photosynthesis , ultrastructure , weed , germination , lolium multiflorum , poaceae , seedling , botany , agronomy , horticulture , herbicide resistance , biochemistry , gene
The effect of isoproturon [N,N‐dimethyl N′4‐(1‐methyl‐ethyl) phenyl urea] on the germination, growth of root and ultrastructure of the photosynthetic apparatus was investigated in two wheat cultivars ( Triticum sativum L. cvs Castan and Esquilache) and a weed ( Lolium rigidum Gaud.). No inhibition of germination was apparent in any of the three plants studied. The inhibition of root growth was considerably significant, especially in cv. Esquilache. After 48 h treatment with isoproturon (340 μ M ), the chloroplasts of the two wheat cultivars were found to be similar, showing a higher number of grana with fewer thylakoids per granum (lower stacking degree), broader grana stacks than in the control and an absence of starch. However, after 60 h of treatment, swelling of the thylakoids occurred in the Esquilache cultivar. The rye grass was the most affected by the herbicide; at low concentration (3.4 μ M ) the number and size of the grana decreased considerably and the stroma thylakoids were destroyed. At higher concentration (17 μ M ), there was a strong accumulation in certain areas of the stroma of a substance with a lipid‐like appearance, probably derived from the disintegrating thylakoids. At the same concentrations some chloroplast envelopes were completely desintegrated. The Hill reaction of the three plants exhibited a similar sensitivity towards the herbicide.