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Factors affecting shoot initiation from tuber discs of potato (Solanum tuberosum)
Author(s) -
JARRET ROBERT L.,
HASEGAWA PAUL M.,
ERICKSON HOMER T.
Publication year - 1980
Publication title -
physiologia plantarum
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.351
H-Index - 146
eISSN - 1399-3054
pISSN - 0031-9317
DOI - 10.1111/j.1399-3054.1980.tb02648.x
Subject(s) - shoot , kinetin , explant culture , cytokinin , auxin , gibberellic acid , callus , botany , sucrose , biology , picloram , murashige and skoog medium , chemistry , horticulture , germination , biochemistry , in vitro , gene
Discs of cortical and perimedullary tissue from tubers of potato ( Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Superior) formed adventitious shoots when cultured on a medium containing Murashige and Skoog's salts, myo ‐inositol, 100 mg/l; folic acid, 0.5 mg/l; D‐biotin, 0.05 mg/l; gibberellic acid (GA 3 ), 0.5 mg/l; thiamine ˙ HCl, 0.1 mg/l; glycine, 2.0 mg/l; pyridoxine ˙ HCl, 0.5 mg/l; nicotinic acid, 0.5 mg/l; sucrose, 25 g/l; casein hydrolysate, 1 g/l; Bacto agar, 9.0 g/l; and a cytokinin [ N 6 ‐benzylaminopurine (BAP), N 6 ‐γ,γ‐dimethylallylaminopurine (2iP), or N 6 ‐furfurylaminopurine (kinetin)]. Discs of pith tissue either failed to survive or produced callus but did not undergo morphogenesis. Cytokinin was essential for explant survival, while BAP at 3.0 mg/l was most efficacious in promoting shoot initiation. Auxin was not essential for shoot initiation or development; however, a low concentration (0.03 mg/l) of α‐naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) stimulated both explant survival and the number of shoots produced per disc. Indole‐3‐butyric acid (IBA) and indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA) did not stimulate shoot initiation. GA 3 was essential for both shoot initiation and subsequent shoot development. The highest incidence of morphogenesis (over 100 shoots in 12 weeks) occurred from tuber discs cultured at 18°C constant and under a photon flux density of 60 μE m ‐2 s ‐1 . No difference in regenerative ability was found in explants taken from source tubers stored for 0 to 20 weeks at 4°C. A histological examination indicated that shoots developed from small clusters of meristematic cells which were initiated from within small protuberances on the surface of the tuber disc 3 weeks after transfer.