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Sources of Nitrogen Supporting Growth and Embryogenesis in Cultured Wild Carrot Tissue
Author(s) -
WETHERELL D. F.,
DOUGALL D. K.
Publication year - 1976
Publication title -
physiologia plantarum
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.351
H-Index - 146
eISSN - 1399-3054
pISSN - 0031-9317
DOI - 10.1111/j.1399-3054.1976.tb03939.x
Subject(s) - daucus carota , glutamine , embryogenesis , explant culture , nitrogen , nitrate , biology , botany , biochemistry , somatic embryogenesis , tissue culture , urea , embryo , in vitro , chemistry , horticulture , food science , amino acid , microbiology and biotechnology , ecology , organic chemistry
This paper seeks to calarify conflicting reports on the nitrogen requirements for in vitro embryogenesis in Daucus carota . Tissue derived from petiole explants of the wild strain of this species were tested with a variety of sources of cellular nitrogen under conditions otherwise favorable for in vitro embryogenesis. The use of very small, sieved and well‐washed inocula reduced the carry‐over of soluble materials with the inoculum. Embryo yield was quantified by direct counting of samples. Nitrate at concentrations ranging from 5 to 95 m M KNO 3 supportes only weak growth and very low embryogenesis under the exacting conditions of these experiments. As little as 0.1 m M NH 4 Cl added to a nitrate medium allows some embryogenesis and 10 m M NH 4 Cl is near optimal when KNO 3 is in the range of 12 to 40 m M concentration. Glutamine, glutamic acid, urea and alanine can individually partially replace NH 4 Cl as a supplement to KNO 3 . Glutamine, alanine, and possibly glutamic acid can serve as sole sources of nitrogen supporting both good growth and embryogenesis. It was concluded that a reduced nitrogen source is required, at least as a supplement to nitrate, for rapid growth and for in vitro embryogenesis of cultured wild carrot tissue. The relationship of pH of the culture medium to growth and embryogenesis was explored and optima observed at approximately pH 5.4 for both processes.