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High intestinal IgA associates with reduced risk of IgE‐associated allergic diseases
Author(s) -
Kukkonen Kaarina,
Kuitunen Mikael,
Haahtela Tari,
Korpela Riitta,
Poussa Tuija,
Savilahti Erkki
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
pediatric allergy and immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.269
H-Index - 89
eISSN - 1399-3038
pISSN - 0905-6157
DOI - 10.1111/j.1399-3038.2009.00907.x
Subject(s) - medicine , calprotectin , immunology , allergy , immunoglobulin e , food allergy , faecal calprotectin , immunoglobulin a , sensitization , placebo , atopy , probiotic , disease , inflammatory bowel disease , antigen , antibody , immunoglobulin g , pathology , alternative medicine , biology , bacteria , genetics
Kukkonen K, Kuitunen M, Haahtela T, Korpela R, Poussa T, Savilahti E. High intestinal IgA associates with reduced risk of IgE‐associated allergic diseases.
Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2010: 21: 67–73.
© 2009 John Wiley & Sons A/S Development of oral tolerance and its stimulation by probiotics are still incomprehensible. Microbial stimulation of the gut may induce a subtle inflammation and induce secretion of mucosal IgA, which participates in antigen elimination. In a cohort of allergy‐prone infants receiving probiotics and prebiotics or placebo we studied intestinal IgA and inflammation in the development of eczema, food allergy, asthma, and rhinitis (allergic diseases). We performed a nested unmatched case–control study of 237 infants participating in a randomized double‐blind placebo‐controlled allergy‐prevention trial using a combination of four probiotic strains pre‐natally and during 6 months form birth. We measured faecal IgA, α1‐antitrypsin (α1‐AT), tumour necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α), and calprotectin at the age of 3 and 6 months. By age 2 yr, 124 infants had developed allergic disease or IgE‐sensitization (cases) and 113 had not (controls). In infants with high faecal IgA concentration at the age of 6 months, the risk of having any allergic disease before the age of 2 yr tended to reduce [odds ratio (OR: 0.52)] and the risk for any IgE‐associated (atopic) disease reduced significantly (OR: 0.49). High faecal calprotectin at the age of 6 months associated also with lower risk for IgE‐associated diseases up to age 2 yr (OR: 0.49). All faecal inflammation markers (α1‐AT, TNF‐α, and calprotectin) correlated positively with faecal IgA (p < 0.001). Probiotics tended to augment faecal IgA (p = 0.085) and significantly increased faecal α1‐AT (p = 0.001). High intestinal IgA in early life associates with minimal intestinal inflammation and indicates reduced risk for IgE‐associated allergic diseases.