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A common variable immunodeficient patient who developed acute disseminated encephalomyelitis followed by the Lennox‐Gastaut syndrome
Author(s) -
Kondo Masashi,
Fukao Toshiyuki,
Teramoto Takahide,
Kaneko Hideo,
Takahashi Yukitoshi,
Okamoto Hiroyuki,
Kondo Naomi
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
pediatric allergy and immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.269
H-Index - 89
eISSN - 1399-3038
pISSN - 0905-6157
DOI - 10.1111/j.1399-3038.2005.00279.x
Subject(s) - medicine , lennox–gastaut syndrome , hypogammaglobulinemia , common variable immunodeficiency , pediatrics , acute disseminated encephalomyelitis , epilepsy , primary immunodeficiency , immunology , immune system , antibody , central nervous system , psychiatry
Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a primary disorder characterized by impaired antibody production. CVID patients may develop recurrent infections, autoimmune disorders, and malignant lymphomas, but to our knowledge, there is no report on CVID patients who develop acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) or the Lennox‐Gastaut syndrome. We describe a 1‐yr‐old female CVID patient with ADEM who evolutionally manifested the Lennox‐Gastaut syndrome. She was admitted with convulsions and T2‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed high‐intensity areas in the right temporal lobe and the left fronto‐parietal region but she became conscious soon. Her serum findings showed severe hypogammaglobulinemia and a follow up MRI revealed that these areas had diminished. Consequently, she was diagnosed as having CVID with ADEM. After 5 months, she fell to having tonic and absence seizures and we diagnosed her as having the Lennox‐Gastaut syndrome from electroencephalograms (EEG) and the seizure pattern. She is now 7 yr old and her tonic seizures are controlled with valproic acid, clobazam, and immunoglobulin replacement therapy which is administrated every 2 wk. It is well known that the immune and neurologic systems have a close relationship. We suspect that a genetic defect in the immune system of our patient might also be associated with the neurologic disorders of ADEM and the Lennox‐Gastaut syndrome.