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Two novel translocation breakpoints upstream of SOX9 define borders of the proximal and distal breakpoint cluster region in campomelic dysplasia
Author(s) -
Leipoldt M,
Erdel M,
BienWillner GA,
Smyk M,
Theurl M,
Yatsenko SA,
Lupski JR,
Lane AH,
Shanske AL,
Stankiewicz P,
Scherer G
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
clinical genetics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.543
H-Index - 102
eISSN - 1399-0004
pISSN - 0009-9163
DOI - 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2007.00736.x
Subject(s) - breakpoint , biology , chromosomal translocation , genetics , sex reversal , sox9 , karyotype , fluorescence in situ hybridization , chromosome , gene , gene expression
The semilethal skeletal malformation syndrome campomelic dysplasia (CD) with or without XY sex reversal is caused by mutations within the SOX9 gene on 17q24.3 or by chromosomal aberrations (translocations, inversions or deletions) with breakpoints outside the SOX9 coding region. The previously published CD translocation breakpoints upstream of SOX9 fall into two clusters: a proximal cluster with breakpoints between 50–300 kb and a distal cluster with breakpoints between 899–932 kb. Here, we present clinical, cytogenetic and molecular data from two novel CD translocation cases. Case 1 with karyotype 46,XY,t(1;17)(q42.1;q24.3) has characteristic symptoms of CD, including mild tibial bowing, cryptorchidism and hypospadias. By standard fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and by high‐resolution fiber FISH, the 17q breakpoint was mapped 375 kb from SOX9 , defining the centromeric border of the proximal breakpoint cluster region. Case 2 with karyotype 46,X,t(Y;17)(q11.2;q24.3) has the acampomelic form of CD and complete XY sex reversal. By FISH and somatic cell hybrid analysis, the 17q breakpoint was mapped 789 kb from SOX9 , defining the telomeric border of the distal breakpoint cluster region. We discuss the structure of the 1 Mb cis ‐control region upstream of SOX9 and the correlation between the position of the 14 mapped translocation breakpoints with respect to disease severity and XY sex reversal.