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CNR1 gene polymorphisms in addictive disorders: a systematic review and a meta‐analysis
Author(s) -
Benyamina Amine,
Kebir Oussama,
Blecha Lisa,
Reynaud Michel,
Krebs MarieOdile
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
addiction biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.445
H-Index - 78
eISSN - 1369-1600
pISSN - 1355-6215
DOI - 10.1111/j.1369-1600.2009.00198.x
Subject(s) - meta analysis , odds ratio , allele , genetics , cannabis , medicine , polymorphism (computer science) , biology , gene , psychiatry
The aim of the present work was to systematically review all association studies of cannabis receptor 1 ( CNR1 ) polymorphisms with dependence syndrome and to perform a meta‐analysis. Odds ratios (ORs) were estimated by contrasting the ratio of counts of the ‘high risk’ versus ‘low risk’ alleles in cases with dependence versus controls. Studies were analyzed by random‐effects meta‐analysis using pooled OR. Eleven full text articles met our eligibility criteria and nine meta‐analyses were performed on three polymorphisms of CNR1 : rs1049353, rs806379 and the AAT repeat. Of these, only the AAT polymorphism showed a significant association with illicit substance dependence but only in the Caucasian population samples and using a risk allele definition of ≥ 16 repeats. Our analysis showed a small effect size (OR = 1.55, P = 0.045), with strong heterogeneity (Q = 19.87, P < 0.01 with I 2 = 85%). In line with the polygenic model, our meta‐analysis supports a minor implication for CNR1 AAT polymorphism in illicit substance dependence vulnerability. Further studies in well‐phenotyped samples and using more polymorphisms are needed to conclude on the actual influence of cannabinoid receptor polymorphisms.