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GENETIC STUDY: Bcl I glucocorticoid receptor polymorphism and smoking in the general population
Author(s) -
Siiskonen Satu J.,
Visser Loes E.,
Tiemeier Henning,
Hofman Albert,
Lamberts Steven W.J.,
Uitterlinden André G.,
Stricker Bruno H.Ch.
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
addiction biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.445
H-Index - 78
eISSN - 1369-1600
pISSN - 1355-6215
DOI - 10.1111/j.1369-1600.2009.00154.x
Subject(s) - medicine , hazard ratio , odds ratio , confidence interval , prospective cohort study , cohort , smoking cessation , population , demography , cohort study , proportional hazards model , rotterdam study , logistic regression , genotyping , genotype , genetics , biology , pathology , environmental health , gene , sociology
ABSTRACT We studied the hypothesis that the Bcl I polymorphism of the glucocorticoid receptor gene is associated with an increased probability of being a (heavy) smoker and a decreased ability to quit smoking. The study cohort consisted of all subjects in the Rotterdam Study, a Dutch population‐based cohort of people aged 55 years and older, for whom Bcl I genotyping and smoking status at baseline were available. In prospective analyses, the smoking status was reassessed during three additional examination rounds. Logistic regression analysis was used to study the association between Bcl I polymorphism and being a smoker or a heavy smoker at baseline. Furthermore, the relationship between Bcl I polymorphism and incident smoking cessation was tested with Cox proportional hazards analysis within those who smoked at baseline. In total, 6358 subjects were included in the study. The presence of a G‐allele was not associated with current smoking at baseline [odds ratio (OR) = 0.96, 95%confidence interval (CI): 0.85–1.09] or with the incidence of smoking cessation during follow‐up [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.98, 95%CI: 0.80–1.19]. Within current smokers, having a G‐allele was not significantly associated with the risk of being a heavy smoker when measured by pack‐years smoked (OR = 1.07, 95%CI: 0.85–1.35) or daily consumption of tobacco (OR = 1.10, 95%CI: 0.88–1.37). We were not able to replicate the earlier findings indicating that the proportion of current smokers is lower among carriers of the CC‐genotype of the Bcl I glucocorticoid receptor. Furthermore, the Bcl I glucocorticoid receptor polymorphism did not predict the incidence of smoking cessation in the general elderly population.