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Wirkung niedriger Temperaturen auf das Verhalten von 2,4‐D in Maispflanzen
Author(s) -
GAUVRIT C.,
GAILLARDON P.
Publication year - 1991
Publication title -
weed research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.693
H-Index - 74
eISSN - 1365-3180
pISSN - 0043-1737
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-3180.1991.tb01752.x
Subject(s) - dry matter , wax , chemistry , wettable powder , epicuticular wax , horticulture , cold stress , agronomy , botany , biology , biochemistry , organic chemistry , emulsion , gene
Summary: The foliar surface of 4‐leaf maize plants was found to be poorly wettable and retained 106 μl g −1 dry matter when sprayed with a U46D (2,4‐D formulation) blank. The third leaf retained 141 μl g −1 . A 7‐day cold spell (17/9°C) increased retention per unit dry matter by 53% (135% on the third leaf). Cold stress lowered epicuticular wax quantity by 29% on the third leaf. Contact angles of formulated 2,4‐D lay between 115 and 125° and were not significantly affected by cold stress. 2,4‐D rapidly entered into maize third leaf (66% in 24 h) but migration from it was less than 1.5%. 2,4‐D was readily degraded in maize (80% in 72 h). The most abundant metabolite was probably an ester conjugate; little of the hydroxy derivatives were found. Cold stress reduced 2,4‐D degradation, and 72 h after treatment the amount of undegraded 2,4‐D was 78% higher in cold‐stressed maize plants. It was concluded that 2,4‐D selectivity in maize results from low spray retention per unit dry matter and active degradation of penetrated herbicide. Cold stress affects both factors.