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Annual incidence of visceral leishmaniasis in an endemic area of Bihar, India
Author(s) -
Das Pradeep,
Samuels Steven,
Desjeux Philippe,
Mittal Atul,
Topno Roshan,
Siddiqui Niyamat Ali,
Sur Dipika,
Pandey Arvind,
Sarnoff Rhonda
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
tropical medicine and international health
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.056
H-Index - 114
eISSN - 1365-3156
pISSN - 1360-2276
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2010.02517.x
Subject(s) - visceral leishmaniasis , incidence (geometry) , population , veterinary medicine , leishmaniasis , rural area , medicine , demography , geography , environmental health , immunology , physics , pathology , sociology , optics
Summary The study presents the findings of a population‐based survey of the annual incidence of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in the rural areas of one VL‐endemic district in Bihar, India. Stratified multi‐stage sampling was applied in the selection of blocks, villages, hamlets, and households. We screened 15 178 households (91 000 individuals) in 80 villages in 7 of 27 administrative blocks of the district, East Champaran. We identified 227 VL cases that occurred in the past 12 months: 149 treated individuals who survived, 14 who died from VL, and 64 active cases. The high‐incidence stratum had an estimated incidence of 35.6 cases per 10 000 persons per year (90% CI: 27.7–45.7). The annual incidence rate in the medium stratum areas was 16.8 cases per 10 000 (90% CI: 9.3–30.6). The combined annual incidence rate for the high and medium areas combined was 21.9 cases per 10 000 per year, (90% CI: 14.0–34.2). The Government of India’s VL elimination goal is to reduce the VL incidence to one case per 10 000 at the sub‐district level; thus, a 35‐fold reduction will be required in those areas with the highest VL incidence.