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Praziquantel efficacy and long‐term appraisal of schistosomiasis control in Pemba Island
Author(s) -
Guidi A.,
Andolina C.,
Makame Ame S.,
Albonico M.,
Cioli D.,
Juma Haji H.
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
tropical medicine and international health
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.056
H-Index - 114
eISSN - 1365-3156
pISSN - 1360-2276
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2010.02488.x
Subject(s) - praziquantel , schistosoma haematobium , schistosomiasis , mass drug administration , medicine , population , anthelmintic , helminthiasis , biology , immunology , veterinary medicine , helminths , environmental health
Summary Objective To determine whether praziquantel (PZQ) has retained its efficacy against Schistosoma haematobium on Pemba Island after 20 years of mass administration ‐albeit discontinuous‐ and to analyse retrospectively the performance of schistosomiasis control programmes. Methods A sample of Pemba schoolchildren was examined before and after PZQ treatment by urine filtration, macro‐ and micro‐haematuria and viability of excreted eggs. Results Although 5% of treated children continued to pass some eggs in the urine up to the seventh week after PZQ administration, none of these eggs was viable, indicating an effective schistosomicidal activity followed by a slow release of dead eggs from host tissues. Conclusion No signs of PZQ resistance could be detected in the population under study. An overall retrospective analysis of schistosomiasis control activities in Pemba Island revealed that mass drug administration is clearly effective in reducing infection prevalence, but soon after interruption of drug distribution prevalence returns rapidly to pre‐intervention levels.