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Geographical distribution and epidemiological features of Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis foci, based on the isoenzyme analysis of 1048 strains
Author(s) -
Pratlong Francine,
Dereure Jacques,
Ravel Christophe,
Lami Patrick,
Balard Yves,
Serres Ghislaine,
Lanotte Geneviève,
Rioux JeanAntoine,
Dedet JeanPierre
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
tropical medicine and international health
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.056
H-Index - 114
eISSN - 1365-3156
pISSN - 1360-2276
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2009.02336.x
Subject(s) - leishmania tropica , leishmaniasis , cutaneous leishmaniasis , leishmania , biology , old world , leishmania major , parasite hosting , leishmania donovani , leishmania infantum , visceral leishmaniasis , zoology , immunology , world wide web , computer science
Summary A series of 1048 Leishmania strains from Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis foci, isolated between 1981 and 2005, were studied by isoenzyme analysis. The strains were obtained from humans, rodents, dogs and sandflies from 33 countries. The four typically dermotropic species, Leishmania major , L. tropica , L. aethiopica and L. killicki , were found. The viscerotropic species L. donovani and L. infantum, which can occasionally be responsible for cutaneous leishmaniasis, are not considered in this paper. Leishmania major was the least polymorphic species (12 zymodemes, 638 strains). Leishmania tropica was characterized by a complex polymorphism varying according to focus (35 zymodemes, 329 strains). Leishmania aethiopica , a species restricted to East Africa, showed a high polymorphism, in spite of a limited number of strains (23 zymodemes, 40 strains). Leishmania killicki , mainly restricted to Tunisia had a single zymodeme for 39 strains. Recently a parasite close to L. killicki (one zymodeme, two strains) was isolated in Algeria, which lead us to revise the taxonomic status of this taxon.