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Enfermedades no transmisibles en paises de renta baja y media. Contexto, determinantes y política sanitaria. Revisión sistemática.
Author(s) -
Miranda J. J.,
Kinra S.,
Casas J. P.,
Davey Smith G.,
Ebrahim S.
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
tropical medicine and international health
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.056
H-Index - 114
eISSN - 1365-3156
pISSN - 1360-2276
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2008.02116.x
Subject(s) - non communicable disease , low and middle income countries , context (archaeology) , developing country , toll , environmental health , economic growth , development economics , population , psychological intervention , health policy , health care , medicine , public health , economics , geography , nursing , archaeology , psychiatry , immunology
Summary The rise of non‐communicable diseases and their impact in low‐ and middle‐income countries has gained increased attention in recent years. However, the explanation for this rise is mostly an extrapolation from the history of high‐income countries whose experience differed from the development processes affecting today’s low‐ and middle‐income countries. This review appraises these differences in context to gain a better understanding of the epidemic of non‐communicable diseases in low‐ and middle‐income countries. Theories of developmental and degenerative determinants of non‐communicable diseases are discussed to provide strong evidence for a causally informed approach to prevention. Health policies for non‐communicable diseases are considered in terms of interventions to reduce population risk and individual susceptibility and the research needs for low‐ and middle‐income countries are discussed. Finally, the need for health system reform to strengthen primary care is highlighted as a major policy to reduce the toll of this rising epidemic.