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Factores de riesgo para VIH/SIDA en un lugar de baja prevalencia en África Subsahariana
Author(s) -
Croce Francesco,
Fedeli Paolo,
Dahoma Mohamed,
Dehò Lorenzo,
Ramsan Mahdi,
Adorni Fulvio,
Corvasce Stefano,
Galli Massimo
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
tropical medicine and international health
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.056
H-Index - 114
eISSN - 1365-3156
pISSN - 1360-2276
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2007.01880.x
Subject(s) - medicine , odds ratio , confidence interval , population , hepatitis c virus , transmission (telecommunications) , human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , hepatitis c , hepatitis b , demography , immunology , virus , environmental health , sociology , electrical engineering , engineering
Summary We conducted a hospital‐based survey on prevalence and risk factors of HIV‐1/2 and other viral infections in Zanzibar archipelago. Blood samples, socio‐demographic and behavioural data were collected from 2697 patients. The overall HIV prevalence was 2.9%. About 1.4%, 2.1%, 4.2% of antenatal clinic (ANC) attendees and 2.1%, 3.7%, 5.3% of blood donors were, respectively, HIV‐Abs‐, HTLV‐Abs‐ and HBs‐Ag‐positive; 5.5% of blood donors were HCV‐affected. Co‐infections were rare. Exactly 3.4% of the children aged 6–10 years were HIV‐positive. People aged 26–35 years [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 4.4, 95% CI (confidence interval) 1.72–11.22; P = 0.002], illiterate subjects (AOR 3.6, 95% CI 1.65–7.98; P = 0.001) mobile workers (AOR 7.0, 95% CI 1.41–34.62; P = 0.02) and previously operated patients (AOR 1.9, 95% CI 1.02–3.66; P = 0.04) were at higher risk for HIV/AIDS. Any of the examined factors were associated with hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus and human T lymphotropic virus type 1/2 transmission. HIV/AIDS prevention strategies must primarily be addressed to traditional high‐risk groups and secondarily to unsafe health care procedures in relatively preserved sub‐Saharan areas.