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Seroprevalencia de Hepatitis B en Tailandia 12 años después de la inclusión de la vacuna de la hepatitis B en el programa nacional extendido de inmunización
Author(s) -
Chongsrisawat Voranush,
Yoocharoen Pornsak,
Theamboonlers Apiradee,
Tharmaphornpilas Piyanit,
Warinsathien Porpit,
Sinlaparatsamee Supakarn,
Paupunwatana Siriraj,
Chaiear Kasemporn,
Khwanjaipanich Sawan,
Poovorawan Yong
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
tropical medicine and international health
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.056
H-Index - 114
eISSN - 1365-3156
pISSN - 1360-2276
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2006.01709.x
Subject(s) - medicine , hbsag , seroprevalence , vaccination , immunization , hepatitis b , hepatitis b virus , population , serology , hepatitis b vaccine , immunology , virology , environmental health , antibody , virus
Summary Objectives To evaluate the impact of the universal hepatitis B (HB) vaccination programme on the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers and immunity to HB virus infection among children <18 years and to determine the HB seroprevalence in the Thai population. Methods We enrolled people in four provinces, including Chiangrai, Udon Thani, Chonburi and Nakhon Si Thammarat to geographically represent populations in the North, Northeast, Center and South of the country respectively. Serology for HBsAg, anti‐hepatitis B surface (anti‐HBs), and anti‐hepatitis B core (anti‐HBc) was tested using ELISA commercial kits. In total, 6213 subjects aged 6 months to 60 years from the four provincial hospitals and two to three district hospitals of each participating province participated. Results Overall HBsAg, anti‐HBs, and anti‐HBc seropositive rates amounted to 4%, 41.6% and 26.5% respectively. Of 2887 participants aged 6 months to 18 years, 2303 were born after (group I) and 584 prior to (group II) HB vaccine integration into the expanded programme on immunization of each participating province. The HBsAg seropositive rate was 0.7% among group I children and 4.3% among group II children. The prevalence rate of anti‐HBc was 2.9% in group I and 15.8% in group II. In children under 18 years, the HBsAg carrier rate was 0.98% among complete vaccinees and 1.36% among participants without vaccination. Conclusions This finding supports the efficacy of universal HB immunization in reducing the prevalence of HB infection in Thailand which is a highly endemic country.