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Enfermedad neumocócica invasiva en niños menores de 5 años en el Mozambique rural
Author(s) -
Roca A.,
Sigaúque B.,
Quintó Ll.,
Mandomando I.,
Vallès X.,
Espasa M.,
Abacassamo F.,
Sacarlal J.,
Macete E.,
Nhacolo A.,
Levine M.,
Alonso P.
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
tropical medicine and international health
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.056
H-Index - 114
eISSN - 1365-3156
pISSN - 1360-2276
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2006.01697.x
Subject(s) - medicine , case fatality rate , meningitis , incidence (geometry) , epidemiology , pediatrics , streptococcus pneumoniae , pneumonia , penicillin , pneumococcal infections , population , antibiotics , environmental health , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , physics , optics
Summary Objectives To estimate the incidence and epidemiological characteristics of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in children <5 years of age living in a rural area of southern Mozambique. Methods As part of the clinical management of children admitted to Manhiça District Hospital, prospective surveillance for invasive bacterial disease was conducted from June 2001 to May 2003. The level of antibiotic resistance of the isolates was also analysed. Results Pneumococcus was the most commonly isolated bacterium, accounting for 212 episodes. The estimated crude incidence rate of IPD in the study area among children <5 years of age was 416/100 000 per child‐year at risk. The youngest age group (<3 months) had the highest incidence (779/100 000). Cases were detected during both rainy and dry seasons. The most common clinical diagnosis was pneumonia, made in 146/212 (69%) of the episodes of IPD. The overall case fatality rate was 10%, being highest among children with pneumococcal meningitis (5/9 = 56%). Pneumococcal isolates were highly susceptible to penicillin (86% susceptible and 14% with intermediate resistance) and chloramphenicol (98% susceptible). In contrast, up to 37% of the isolates tested were non‐susceptible to cotrimoxazole. Conclusions Incidence rates of IPD and associated mortality shown in this study highlight the need for pneumococcal vaccines in rural Africa, which must be effective in infants and young children.