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Measurements of sand transport by wind on a natural beach
Author(s) -
SVASEK J. N.,
TERWINDT J. H. J.
Publication year - 1974
Publication title -
sedimentology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.494
H-Index - 108
eISSN - 1365-3091
pISSN - 0037-0746
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-3091.1974.tb02061.x
Subject(s) - geology , streamlines, streaklines, and pathlines , geotechnical engineering , geomorphology , water content , sediment transport , plage , sand dune stabilization , shear stress , sediment , hydrology (agriculture) , oceanography , mechanics , shore , physics
Bagnold's (1954) and Kawamura's (1951) formulae may be used for the calculation of the sand movement on a natural beach, provided the shear stress velocity U * > 0·D4 m/s. Great discrepancies have been found between calculated and measured sand transport rates for U * < 0·D4 m/s, mainly because of the capillary forces acting on a wet beach. The measured critical shear velocity U *c at the beginning of sand movement on a clean dry beach agrees very well with that predicted by Bagnold's formula. On a dry beach where the sand grains are stuck together, U *c was found to be about 10% higher. On a wet beach U *c appeared to depend on the moisture content of the surface layer. Grain size is a determining parameter in the U *c ‐moisture content relation. When the angle a between the wind direction at sea and the dune face is between 15° and 85° the streamlines of the wind will bend in the vicinity of the dune face. In consequence this may influence the direction of sediment movement.