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Effects of Salivary Gland Homogenate from Wild‐Caught and Laboratory‐Reared Lutzomyia longipalpis on the Evolution and Immunomodulation of Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis Infection
Author(s) -
Laurenti M. D.,
Da Matta V. L. R.,
Pernichelli T.,
Secundino N. F. C.,
Pinto L. C.,
Corbett C. E. P.,
Pimenta P. P. F.
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
scandinavian journal of immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.934
H-Index - 88
eISSN - 1365-3083
pISSN - 0300-9475
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2009.02310.x
Subject(s) - biology , leishmania , inoculation , saliva , leishmaniasis , microbiology and biotechnology , salivary gland , parasite hosting , cutaneous leishmaniasis , dermis , leishmania major , parasitism , vector (molecular biology) , immunology , virology , host (biology) , anatomy , ecology , recombinant dna , biochemistry , world wide web , computer science , gene
We investigated the effects of Lutzomyia longipalpis salivary glands homogenate of wild‐caught and laboratory‐reared vectors on the lesion evolution and immunomodulation of the infection caused by Leishmania ( Leishmania ) amazonensis. To compare the effect of both salivary glands homogenate (SGH), C57BL/6 mice were inoculated subcutaneously into the hind footpads or into the ear dermis with 10 6 promastigotes in the presence or not of SGH from wild‐caught and laboratory‐colonized sand flies. Comparing SGH groups, the lesion size was lower in mice co‐inoculated with wild‐caught SGH, as the parasitism and the infiltration of macrophages at the inoculation site. Wild‐caught SGH also determined lower production of IL‐4 and IL‐10 but higher IL‐12 levels compared with laboratory‐reared SGH. Our findings address a probable bias by using SGH from laboratory‐colonized sand flies instead of wild‐caught vector SGH in studies concerning saliva effects. A possible mild influence of sand fly saliva in natural infections caused by Leishmania is also speculated, as infection is transmitted by wild and not by laboratory‐reared vectors.