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Use of Forecasting in Chemical Control of Black Bean Aphid, Aphis fabae Scop., on Spring‐sown Field Beans, Vicia faba L.
Author(s) -
WAY M. J.,
CAMMELL M. E.,
GOULD H. J.,
ALFORD D. V.,
GRAHAM C. W.,
LANE A.,
LIGHT W. I. St. G.,
RAYNER J. M.,
HEATHCOTE G. D.,
FLETCHER K. E.,
SEAL K.
Publication year - 1977
Publication title -
plant pathology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.928
H-Index - 85
eISSN - 1365-3059
pISSN - 0032-0862
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-3059.1977.tb01965.x
Subject(s) - aphis , biology , vicia faba , aphid , agronomy , spring (device) , homoptera , horticulture , toxicology , pest analysis , mechanical engineering , engineering
SUMMARY Counts of Aphis fabae Scop, eggs in winter and of the active stages in May on the spindle bush, Euonymus europaeus L., are used to predict the need for chemical control of the black bean aphid on spring‐sown field beans, Vicia faba L. For the purposes of forecasting, most of England south of the Humber is divided into 18 areas for which separate forecasts are made. A level of 5 per cent of plants colonized on the SW. headlands of fields in early to mid‐June is used as an economic threshold above which control measures are justified. From 1970 to 1975, area forecasts of the probability of attack were successful. According to the sampled fields there was considerable annual variation in the size of infestations, ranging from widespread, potentially damaging populations in 1973 and 1974 to very small populations in 1975. There was also considerable variation between areas: for example, in East Anglia and the East Midlands treatment was justified only in 1973 and 1974, whereas in Hampshire and Worcestershire/Herefordshire treatment was justified in all years except 1975. It was estimated that, from 1970 to 1975, control based on forecasting would have led to a gain of £11·4/ha over no treatment, and £3·8/ha over correctly timed routine preventive treatment applied annually irrespective of the aphid situation.