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A Field Survey of Watermark Disease of Cricket Bat Willow in Essex and Observations on Some of the Probable Sources of the Disease
Author(s) -
Wong W. C.,
Nash T. H.,
Preece T. F.
Publication year - 1974
Publication title -
plant pathology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.928
H-Index - 85
eISSN - 1365-3059
pISSN - 0032-0862
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-3059.1974.tb01814.x
Subject(s) - biology , willow , inoculation , botany , watermark , horticulture , field survey , geography , cartography , embedding , artificial intelligence , computer science
SUMMARY The geographical distribution of trees of cricket bat willow ( Salix alba var. caerulea) showing watermark symptoms of infection by Erwinia salicis (Day) Chester during 1955 to 1972 is recorded. In an attempt to control the disease by eradication, 23,172 trees were destroyed in this 18‐year period, as were 911 mother trees (stools) producing propagating material. During an intensive survey in 1972, 301 trees and seven stools were found to be infected out of an estimated total crop of 400,000 trees. In that year, agglutination tests and culturing sap were used in addition to the examination of trees with symptoms other than watermarking in the wood. The field observations, together with some experimental inoculations, indicate that the main sources of the disease in the field each year probably are (1), the nearby stumps of felled diseased trees and (2) infected propagating material.