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Observations on the Effects of Insecticides on Glasshouse Whitefly ( Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westw.))
Author(s) -
French N.,
Ludlam F. A. B.,
Wardlow L. R.
Publication year - 1973
Publication title -
plant pathology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.928
H-Index - 85
eISSN - 1365-3059
pISSN - 0032-0862
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-3059.1973.tb01783.x
Subject(s) - malathion , trialeurodes , toxicology , biology , whitefly , population , larva , instar , horticulture , pesticide , agronomy , botany , pest analysis , homoptera , medicine , environmental health
SUMMARY In trials on a commercial cucumber nursery in Kent in 1971, malathion high‐volume sprays gave good control of whitefly adults and young ‘scales’. Malathion applied at ultra‐low volume (‘Turbair’) or as an aerosol was less effective. Malathion dust controlled only adults. Nicotine and petroleum oil were ineffective. In laboratory and glasshouse experiments in 1972, 16 chemicals as sprays, dips, drenches, smokes or fumigants were tested against each stage of a malathion‐susceptible and a malathion‐resistant whitefly population cultured on French beans. Adults and larval instars of the susceptible population were well controlled by sprays (adults) and dips (larvae) of organophosphorus insecticides, DDT, bioresmethrin and pyrethrum; but only thionazin, DDT, bioresmethrin and pyre‐thrum gave adequate control of the resistant population. Thionazin drenches were moderately effective against susceptible larvae but gave poor control of resistant larvae. Dichlorvos and naled fumigants and DDT/gamma‐BHC smoke controlled susceptible larvae but only DDT/gamma‐BHC smoke was effective against resistant larvae. Excepting dips of cartap and DDT, treatments had little effect upon eggs. Larvae became more difficult to kill as age increased; only bioresmethrin (0·02 and 0·04 per cent active ingredient) gave good control of pupae.