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The Distribution in Scotland of Tobacco Rattle Virus and its Nematode Vectors in Relation to Soil Type
Author(s) -
Cooper J. I.
Publication year - 1971
Publication title -
plant pathology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.928
H-Index - 85
eISSN - 1365-3059
pISSN - 0032-0862
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-3059.1971.tb00510.x
Subject(s) - tobacco rattle virus , biology , agronomy , nematode , horticulture , plant virus , veterinary medicine , virus , ecology , virology , medicine
SUMMARY Tobacco rattle virus (TRV) was transmitted from tubers of 13 out of 15 potato cultivars with spraing (20/22 stocks tested) and cucumber bait seedlings became infected with the virus when grown in soil from all the fields where crops had become affected with spraing. Trichodorus pachydermus Seinhorst and/or T. primitivus (de Man) occurred in all 106 TRV‐infested soils examined; in addition, T. nanus Allen was found in five, T. cylindricus Hooper in two and an unidentified species in one TRV‐infested soil. TRV is considered to be the major cause of potato spraing in Scotland, and T. pachydermus and T. primitivus to be the main vectors. TRV occurred in 106 out of 153 (68 per cent) freely drained podsols derived from fluvioglacial, raised beach, till, alluvial or sand‐dune deposits but was not found on heavy, badly drained soils. About 12 per cent of Scotland's potato acreage is estimated to be on TRV‐infested soil and 15–20 per cent of the total arable acreage is probably infested with Trichodorus spp. Many of the soils infested with Trichodorus spp. are inherently deficient in copper and manganese. In laboratory experiments, solutions of cupric sulphate (16 p.p.m. Cu) were toxic to T. pachydermus, T. primitivus and T. cylindricus but not to a mixture of other saprozoic and stylet‐bearing nematodes from a Trichodorus infested soil.