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Effects of altered α ‐ and β ‐branch carotenoid biosynthesis on photoprotection and whole‐plant acclimation of Arabidopsis to photo‐oxidative stress
Author(s) -
CALIANDRO ROSANNA,
NAGEL KERSTIN A.,
KASTENHOLZ BERND,
BASSI ROBERTO,
LI ZHIRONG,
NIYOGI KRISHNA K.,
POGSON BARRY J.,
SCHURR ULRICH,
MATSUBARA SHIZUE
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
plant, cell and environment
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.646
H-Index - 200
eISSN - 1365-3040
pISSN - 0140-7791
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2012.02586.x
Subject(s) - xanthophyll , carotenoid , photoprotection , acclimatization , arabidopsis thaliana , oxidative stress , chlorophyll , arabidopsis , botany , biology , chloroplast , chemistry , biochemistry , mutant , photosynthesis , horticulture , gene
Functions of α ‐ and β ‐branch carotenoids in whole‐plant acclimation to photo‐oxidative stress were studied in Arabidopsis thaliana wild‐type (wt) and carotenoid mutants, lut ein deficient ( lut2 , lut5 ), n on‐ p hotochemical q uenching1 ( npq1 ) and s uppressor of z eaxanthin‐ l ess1 ( szl1 ) npq1 double mutant. Photo‐oxidative stress was applied by exposing plants to sunflecks. The sunflecks caused reduction of chlorophyll content in all plants, but more severely in those having high α ‐ to β ‐branch carotenoid composition ( α / β ‐ratio) ( lut5 , szl1npq1 ). While this did not alter carotenoid composition in wt or lut2 , which accumulates only β ‐branch carotenoids, increased xanthophyll levels were found in the mutants with high α / β ‐ratios ( lut5 , szl1npq1 ) or without xanthophyll‐cycle operation ( npq1 , szl1npq1 ). The PsbS protein content increased in all sunfleck plants but lut2 . These changes were accompanied by no change ( npq1 , szl1npq1 ) or enhanced capacity (wt, lut5 ) of NPQ. Leaf mass per area increased in lut2 , but decreased in wt and lut5 that showed increased NPQ. The sunflecks decelerated primary root growth in wt and npq1 having normal α / β ‐ratios, but suppressed lateral root formation in lut5 and szl1npq1 having high α / β ‐ratios. The results highlight the importance of proper regulation of the α ‐ and β ‐branch carotenoid pathways for whole‐plant acclimation, not only leaf photoprotection, under photo‐oxidative stress.