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Retracted: Nitric oxide enhances plant ultraviolet‐B protection up‐regulating gene expression of the phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathway
Author(s) -
TOSSI VANESA,
AMENTA MELINA,
LAMATTINA LORENZO,
CASSIA RAÚL
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
plant, cell and environment
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.646
H-Index - 200
eISSN - 1365-3040
pISSN - 0140-7791
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2011.02289.x
Subject(s) - phenylpropanoid , nitric oxide , reactive oxygen species , biochemistry , chemistry , arabidopsis , gene expression , biology , botany , gene , biosynthesis , mutant , organic chemistry
The link between ultraviolet (UV)‐B, nitric oxide (NO) and phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathway (PPBP) was studied in maize and Arabidopsis . The transcription factor (TF) ZmP regulates PPBP in maize. A genetic approach using P‐rr ( ZmP +) and P‐ww ( ZmP ‐) maize lines demonstrate that: (1) NO protects P‐rr leaves but not P‐ww from UV‐B‐induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell damage; (2) NO increases flavonoid and anthocyanin content and prevents chlorophyll loss in P‐rr but not in P‐ww and (3) the NO scavenger 2‐(4‐carboxyphenyl)‐4,4,5,5‐tetramethylimidazoline‐1‐oxyl‐3‐oxide (cPTIO) blocks the UV‐B‐induced expression of ZmP and their targets CHS and CHI suggesting that NO plays a key role in the UV‐B‐regulated PPBP. Involvement of endogenous NO was studied in Arabidopsis nitric oxide dioxygenase (NOD) plants that express a NO dioxygenase gene under the control of a dexamethasone (DEX)‐inducible promoter. Expression of HY5 and MYB12 , TFs involved in PPBP regulation, was induced by UV‐B, reduced by DEX in NOD plants and recovered by subsequent NO treatment. C4H regulates synapate esters synthesis and is UV‐B‐induced in a NO‐independent pathway. Data indicate that UV‐B perception increases NO concentration, which protects plant against UV‐B by two ways: (1) scavenging ROS; and (2) up‐regulating the expression of HY5, MYB12 and ZmP , resulting in the PPBP activation.