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Role of ethylene in the regulation of cell death and leaf loss in ozone‐exposed European beech
Author(s) -
NUNN ANGELA J.,
ANEGG SABINE,
BETZ GUNTER,
SIMONS SABINA,
KALISCH GABRIELE,
SEIDLITZ HARALD K.,
GRAMS THORSTEN E. E.,
HÄBERLE KARLHEINZ,
Matyssek Rainer,
BAHNWEG GÜNTHER,
SANDERMANN HEINRICH,
LANGEBARTELS CHRISTIAN
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
plant, cell and environment
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.646
H-Index - 200
eISSN - 1365-3040
pISSN - 0140-7791
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2005.01339.x
Subject(s) - beech , fagus sylvatica , ozone , ethylene , programmed cell death , chemistry , horticulture , botany , biology , biochemistry , apoptosis , organic chemistry , catalysis
To test the involvement of ethylene in mediating ozone‐induced cell death and leaf loss in European beech ( Fagus sylvatica L.), tree seedlings were exposed to proportionally increased or decreased field ozone levels for up to 6 months. Ozone treatment caused cell death and accelerated leaf loss at higher than ambient levels, but had only minor effects at ambient and no effects at subambient ozone levels. The emission of ethylene, the levels of its precursor, 1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylate (ACC), and mRNA levels of specific ACC synthase ( FS‐ACS2 ) and ACC oxidase ( FS‐ACO1 ) isoforms showed a persistent increase and preceded cell death by approximately 2 weeks. Inhibition of ethylene biosynthesis led to reduced lesion formation whereas application of ACC accelerated ozone‐induced cell death and leaf loss. Similar results were obtained when adult beech trees were exposed to 2 × ozone by a whole tree free‐air canopy exposure system. The results suggest a role of ethylene in amplifying ozone effects under field conditions in this major European broad‐leaved tree species.