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Effects of citrate, heparin and cation supplementation on mortality and egg production of laboratory‐reared horn flies
Author(s) -
GUERRERO FELIX D.,
GUILLOT FRANK S.,
FISHER WILLIAM F.
Publication year - 1993
Publication title -
physiological entomology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.693
H-Index - 57
eISSN - 1365-3032
pISSN - 0307-6962
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-3032.1993.tb00445.x
Subject(s) - sodium citrate , egta , calcium , sodium , zoology , biology , citric acid , magnesium , sodium acetate , biochemistry , medicine , chemistry , chromatography , organic chemistry , pathology
. The effects of the blood anticoagulants sodium citrate and sodium heparin on horn fly, Haematobia irritans L., egg production were tested. Sodium citrate was added to freshly collected bovine blood to give final concentrations of 5‐100mM while sodium heparin was used in concentrations of 10–70 USP units/ml blood. Small cages containing five male and ten female newly emerged laboratory‐reared horn flies were maintained for 8–10 days on these blood samples, and mortality and egg production recorded daily. Results showed that as blood citrate concentration was increased, egg production decreased logarithmically. At sodium citrate concentrations of 50 mM and above, severe impacts on egg production and adult horn fly survival occurred. Although no dose‐related response of egg production to increasing heparin concentrations was noted, the 25 USP units heparin/ml blood treatments gave the largest egg production, yielding approximately 28% more eggs than any other treatment. Since citrate is a known chelator of divalent metal cations, the effects of supplemental cation additions to citrated blood were tested for their ability to reverse the egg production decrease seen at 50 mM sodium citrate. Blood samples containing 50mM sodium citrate were supplemented with CaCl 2 , calcium lactate, CuCl 2 , cupric acetate, FeCl 3 , ferric citrate, MgCl 2 , magnesium acetate, MnCl 2 , ZnSO 4 , EGTA or EGTA plus calcium lactate, each at 1 mM except EGTA which was used at 2.5 mM. The magnesium acetate supplement and the combination of calcium lactate plus EGTA resulted in a statistically significant increase in egg production ( P < 0.05).