Premium
Cysteine proteinase type I, encapsulated in solid lipid nanoparticles induces substantial protection against Leishmania major infection in C57BL/6 mice
Author(s) -
DOROUD D.,
ZAHEDIFARD F.,
VATANARA A.,
NAJAFABADI A. R.,
RAFATI S.
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
parasite immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.795
H-Index - 75
eISSN - 1365-3024
pISSN - 0141-9838
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-3024.2011.01289.x
Subject(s) - adjuvant , immune system , antigen , immunology , solid lipid nanoparticle , vaccination , biology , leishmania major , leishmania , pharmacology , parasite hosting , drug , world wide web , computer science
Summary Appropriate adjuvant, proper antigen(s) and a suitable formulation are required to develop stable, safe and immunogenic vaccines. Leishmanial cysteine proteinase type I (CPB) is a promising vaccine candidate; nevertheless, it requires a delivery system to induce a potent immune response. Herein, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) have been applied for CPB [with and without C‐terminal extension (CTE)] formulation to utilize as a vaccine against Leishmania major infection in C57BL/6 mice. Therefore, SLN‐CPB and SLN‐CPB −CTE formulations were prepared from cetyl palmitate and cholesterol, using melt emulsification method. After intraperitoneal vaccination and subsequent L. major challenge, a strong antigen‐specific T‐helper type 1 (Th1) immune response was induced compared to control groups. Lymph node cells from immunized mice displayed lower parasite burden, higher IFN‐γ, IgG2a and lower IL‐4 production, indicating that robust Th1 immune response had been induced. Our results revealed that CTE is not necessary for inducing protective responses against L. major infection as the IFN‐γ/IL‐4 ratio was significantly higher, whereas IgG1 responses were lower in the SLN‐CPB −CTE vaccinated group, post‐challenge. Thus, SLN‐CPB −CTE was shown to induce specific Th1 immune responses to control L. major infection, through effective antigen delivery to the peritoneal antigen presenting cells.