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The Bacteroides fragilis transcriptome response to oxygen and H 2 O 2 : the role of OxyR and its effect on survival and virulence
Author(s) -
Sund Christian J.,
Rocha Edson R.,
Tzinabos Arthur O.,
Wells W. Greg,
Gee Jason M.,
Reott Michael A.,
O'Rourke Dorcas P.,
Smith C. Jeffrey
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
molecular microbiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.857
H-Index - 247
eISSN - 1365-2958
pISSN - 0950-382X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2007.06031.x
Subject(s) - biology , bacteroides fragilis , transcriptome , bacteroides , downregulation and upregulation , oxidative stress , microbiology and biotechnology , mutant , reactive oxygen species , gene , virulence , gene expression , genetics , biochemistry , bacteria , antibiotics
Summary The intestinal anaerobic symbiont, Bacteroides fragilis , is highly aerotolerant and resistant to H 2 O 2 . Analysis of the transcriptome showed that expression of 45% of the genome was significantly affected by oxidative stress. The gene expression patterns suggested that exposure to oxidative stress induced an acute response to rapidly minimize the immediate effects of reactive oxygen species, then upon extended exposure a broad metabolic response was induced. This metabolic response induced genes encoding enzymes that can supply reducing power for detoxification and restore energy‐generating capacity. An integral aspect of the metabolic response was downregulation of genes related to translation and biosynthesis which correlated with decreased growth and entry into a stationary phase‐like growth state. Examination of oxyR mutants showed that they were impaired for the acute response and they induced the expanded metabolic response with only minimal exposure to stress. The oxyR mutants were more sensitive to oxidants in vitro and in vivo they were attenuated in an intra‐abdominal abscess infection model. Aerotolerance and resistance to oxidative stress are physiological adaptations of B. fragilis to its environment that enhance survival in extra‐intestinal sites and promote opportunistic infections.