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Insecticide resistance in the horn fly: alternative control strategies
Author(s) -
OYARZÚN M. P.,
QUIROZ A.,
BIRKETT M. A.
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
medical and veterinary entomology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.028
H-Index - 82
eISSN - 1365-2915
pISSN - 0269-283X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2008.00733.x
Subject(s) - haematobia irritans , muscidae , biology , french horn , toxicology , insecticide resistance , resistance (ecology) , chemical control , microbiology and biotechnology , ecology , agronomy , stomoxys , psychology , pedagogy
The horn fly, Haematobia irritans (Linnaeus 1758) (Diptera: Muscidae) is one of the most widespread and economically important pests of cattle. Although insecticides have been used for fly control, success has been limited because of the development of insecticide resistance in all countries where the horn fly is found. This problem, along with public pressure for insecticide‐free food and the prohibitive cost of developing new classes of compounds, has driven the investigation of alternative control methods that minimize or avoid the use of insecticides. This review provides details of the economic impact of horn flies, existing insecticides used for horn fly control and resistance mechanisms. Current research on new methods of horn fly control based on resistant cattle selection, semiochemicals, biological control and vaccines is also discussed.