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Efficacy of etofenprox against insecticide susceptible and resistant mosquito strains containing characterized resistance mechanisms
Author(s) -
HEMINGWAY JANET
Publication year - 1995
Publication title -
medical and veterinary entomology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.028
H-Index - 82
eISSN - 1365-2915
pISSN - 0269-283X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2915.1995.tb00017.x
Subject(s) - biology , culex quinquefasciatus , propoxur , pyrethroid , carboxylesterase , cross resistance , culex , anopheles , pesticide resistance , toxicology , fenthion , mosquito control , pesticide , organophosphate , insecticide resistance , veterinary medicine , microbiology and biotechnology , enzyme , malathion , aedes aegypti , biochemistry , malaria , botany , larva , immunology , ecology , medicine
tofenprox is a non‐ester pyrethroid insecticide with comparable toxicity and a similar mode of action to other pyrethroids. Cross‐resistance studies on mosquitoes showed no effect of carboxylesterase, elevated esterase, altered acetylcholinesterase or glutathione S ‐transferase‐based resistance mechanisms on etofenprox toxicity, when compared to standard susceptible strains of Anopheles and Culex . Cross‐resistance to etofenprox occurred in a pyrethroid‐resistant strain of Culex quinquefasciatus with both oxidase and ‘kdr’‐like resistance mechanisms. Dose–response data for susceptible mosquito strains suggest that, in standard W.H.O. susceptibility tests of adult mosquitoes, appropriate discriminating concentrations of etofenprox for detection of resistance would be 0.1% for Culex and 0.25% for Anopheles .