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Absorption of enrofloxacin and marbofloxacin after oral and subcutaneous administration in diseased koalas ( Phascolarctos cinereus )
Author(s) -
GRIFFITH J. E.,
HIGGINS D. P.,
LI K. M.,
KROCKENBERGER M. B.,
GOVENDIR M.
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.527
H-Index - 60
eISSN - 1365-2885
pISSN - 0140-7783
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2010.01169.x
Subject(s) - enrofloxacin , pharmacokinetics , oral administration , absorption (acoustics) , pharmacology , zoology , chemistry , in vivo , medicine , antibiotics , biology , biochemistry , microbiology and biotechnology , physics , ciprofloxacin , acoustics
Griffith, J.E., Higgins, D.P., Li, K.M., Krockenberger, M.B., Govendir, M. Absorption of enrofloxacin and marbofloxacin after oral and subcutaneous administration in diseased koalas ( Phascolarctos cinereus ). J. vet. Pharmacol. Therap . 33 , 595–604. Koalas ( n = 43) were treated daily for up to 8 weeks with enrofloxacin: 10 mg/kg subcutaneously (s.c.), 5 mg/kg s.c., or 20 mg/kg per os (p.o.); or marbofloxacin: 1.0–3.3 mg/kg p.o., 10 mg/kg p.o. or 5 mg/kg s.c. Serial plasma drug concentrations were determined on day 1 and again at approximately 2 weeks, by liquid chromatography. The median (range) plasma maximum concentrations ( C max ) for enrofloxacin 5 mg/kg s.c. and 10 mg/kg s.c. were 0.83 (0.68–1.52) and 2.08 (1.34–2.96) μg/mL and the median (range) T max were 1.5 h (1–2) and 1 h (1–2) respectively. Plasma concentrations of orally dosed marbofloxacin were too low to be quantified. Oral administration of enrofloxacin suggested absorption rate limited disposition pharmacokinetics; the median (range) C max for enrofloxacin 20 mg/kg p.o. was 0.94 (0.76–1.0) μg/mL and the median (range) T max was 4 h (2–8). Oral absorption of both drugs was poor. Plasma protein binding for enrofloxacin was 55.4 ± 1.9% and marbofloxacin 49.5 ± 5.3%. Elevations in creatinine kinase activity were associated with drug injections. Enrofloxacin and marbofloxacin administered at these dosage and routes are unlikely to inhibit the growth of chlamydial pathogens in vivo .