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Intracellular killing of mastitis pathogens by penethamate hydriodide following internalization into mammary epithelial cells
Author(s) -
ALMEIDA R. A.,
PATEL D.,
FRITON G. M.,
OLIVER S. P.
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.527
H-Index - 60
eISSN - 1365-2885
pISSN - 0140-7783
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2007.00830.x
Subject(s) - streptococcus uberis , internalization , mastitis , microbiology and biotechnology , streptococcus dysgalactiae , biology , intracellular , in vitro , staphylococcus aureus , epithelium , bacteria , streptococcus , cell , biochemistry , streptococcus agalactiae , genetics
Penethamate hydriodide was highly effective in killing Streptococcus uberis , Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae and Staphylococcus aureus that internalized mammary epithelial cells. At higher concentrations (32 μ g/mL to 32 mg/mL), killing rates ranged from 85% to 100%. At lower concentrations (0.032 μ g/mL to 3.2 μ g/mL), killing rates ranged from 0 to 80%. Results of this proof‐of‐concept study demonstrated that: (1) penethamate hydriodide is capable of entering mammary epithelial cells and killing intracellular mastitis pathogens without affecting mammary epithelial cell viability, (2) the in vitro model used is capable of quantifying the fate of mastitis pathogens internalized into mammary epithelial cells, and (3) this in vitro model can be used to determine the effectiveness of antibiotics at killing bacteria within the cytoplasm of mammary epithelial cells.