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Vancomycin kinetics in plasma and synovial fluid following intravenous administration in horses
Author(s) -
ORSINI J. A.,
RAMBERG C. F.,
BENSON C. E.,
DREYFUSS D. J.,
VECCHIONE J. A.,
KUNZ C. C.
Publication year - 1992
Publication title -
journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.527
H-Index - 60
eISSN - 1365-2885
pISSN - 0140-7783
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2885.1992.tb01027.x
Subject(s) - pharmacokinetics , vancomycin , synovial fluid , minimum inhibitory concentration , plasma concentration , staphylococcus aureus , pharmacology , chemistry , compartment (ship) , fluorescence polarization immunoassay , medicine , oral administration , antibiotics , chromatography , biology , bacteria , pathology , biochemistry , oceanography , alternative medicine , geology , genetics , osteoarthritis
Vancomycin hydrochloride was infused intravenously (i.v.) over a 30‐min period in five horses at doses of 6.6, 11.0 and 15.4 mg/kg. Vancomycin concentration in plasma and synovial fluid samples was measured using a polarization immunoassay. A pharmacokinetic model was developed to accommodate the special features of the present study. The data were described by a two compartment open model with synovial fluid as an additional compartment in exchange with plasma. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bacterial concentration (MBC) were measured for Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus sp . using isolates from hospital patients. Based on the pharmacokinetic model and MIC/MBC data, a practical therapeutic protocol for vancomycin administration was established at doses of 4.3–7.5 mg/kg given as a 1‐h infusion every 8 h.