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Probenecid effect on cefuroxime pharmacokinetics in calves
Author(s) -
SOBACK S.,
ZIV G.,
KOKUE E.I.
Publication year - 1989
Publication title -
journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.527
H-Index - 60
eISSN - 1365-2885
pISSN - 0140-7783
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2885.1989.tb00645.x
Subject(s) - probenecid , cefuroxime , pharmacokinetics , pharmacology , medicine , chemistry , antibiotics , biochemistry
Cefuroxime pharmacokinetics were studied in unweaned calves. The antibiotic was administered at 10 mg/kg to six calves i.v., to 12 calves i.m. and to ten of the previous 12 calves i.m. at 10 mg/kg together with probenecid at 40 mg/kg. Intramuscular doses of cefuroxime alone at 20 mg/kg were given to seven calves; to five of these calves cefuroxime was also given together with probenecid at 40 mg/kg and at 80 mg/kg. The serum concentration‐time data were analyzed using statistical moment theory (SMT). The elimination half‐life ( t 1/2 ) was 69.2 min (harmonic mean) after i.v. and 64.8 min and 64.9 min following i.m. administration of the lower and higher dose, respectively. Co‐administration of probenecid did not affect the t 1/2 . The mean residence time ( MRT ) was 80.9 ± 23.5 min (mean ± SD) after i.v. and 117.8 ± 9.3 min and 117.7 ± 5.4 min after i.m. administration of cefuroxime at 10 and 20 mg/kg, respectively. The MRT i.m . following administration of cefuroxime at 10 mg/kg together with probenecid at 40 mg/kg was 140.0 ± 8.8 min. The MRT i.m . values were 132.8 ± 2.3 min and 150.8 ± 5.1 min after cefuroxime was given at 20 mg/kg together with probenecid at 40 mg/kg or 80 mg/kg, respectively. The total body clearance (Cl T ) was 3.56 ± 1.11 ml/min/kg and the volume of distribution at steady state ( V d (ss) ) 0.270 ± 0.051 1/kg. The MIC 90 values of cefuroxime were 16 μg/ml for E. coli and Salmonella isolates, 0.5 μg/ml for Pasteurella multocida and 2.0 μg/ml for P. haemolytica.