Premium
Pharmacokinetics of chloramphenicol in the neonatal horse
Author(s) -
BRUMBAUGH GORDON W.,
MARTENS RONALD J.,
KNIGHT HUMPHREY D.,
MARTIN MICHAEL T.
Publication year - 1983
Publication title -
journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.527
H-Index - 60
eISSN - 1365-2885
pISSN - 0140-7783
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2885.1983.tb00467.x
Subject(s) - chloramphenicol , pharmacokinetics , volume of distribution , horse , bioavailability , bolus (digestion) , chemistry , elimination rate constant , zoology , medicine , pharmacology , antibiotics , biology , biochemistry , paleontology
Chloramphenicol sodium succinate was administered as an intravenous bolus (50 mg/kg) to eight foals which weighed 49–57 kg (mean ± 1 standard deviation = 53.19 ± 2.66) each, and were 1–9 days (4.5 ± 2.56) of age. The drug was rapidly distributed and followed first‐order elimination. Mean pharmacokinetic values were: zero‐time serum concentration (C 0 ) = 36.14 μg/ml (±14.80); apparent specific volume of distribution ( V d ) = 1.614 1/kg (±0.669); and elimination rate constant ( K ) = 0.7295 h ‐1 (±0.3066) which corresponds to a biological half‐life ( t 1/2 ) = 0.95 h. These values do not differ greatly from those reported for adult horses and ponies. A suspension of chloramphenicol was administered by nasogastric tube (50 mg/kg) to a second group of seven foals which weighed 49 to 57 kg (51.34 ± 2.82) each and were 1 to 7 days (4.43 ± 1.90) of age. A mean peak serum chloramphenicol concentration of 23.97 μg/ml (±7.06) was achieved 1.14h (±0.63) after administration. The bioavailability of this preparation was 83.27 percent.