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Pharmacokinetics of kanamycin in dogs
Author(s) -
BAGGOT J. DESMOND
Publication year - 1978
Publication title -
journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.527
H-Index - 60
eISSN - 1365-2885
pISSN - 0140-7783
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2885.1978.tb00321.x
Subject(s) - pharmacokinetics , bioavailability , kanamycin , volume of distribution , pharmacology , chemistry , beagle , half life , intravenous bolus , distribution (mathematics) , antibiotics , intramuscular injection , route of administration , bolus (digestion) , intravenous infusions , medicine , anesthesia , biochemistry , mathematics , mathematical analysis
The pharmacokinetics of kanamycin were studied in beagle dogs. A parenteral preparation of kanamycin sulphate (5% aqueous solution), which was given at a dosage level of 10 mg/kg of body weight, was the drug product used. The disposition curve which resulted from the intravenous administration of a single bolus dose of the drug was completely described by the biexponential equation: Cp = 50e ‐0.1977 t + 36.3e ‐0.0128 t where C p represents concentration of the drug in the serum at time t (in minutes) and the experimental constants are mean values. Pseudo‐distribution equilibrium was rapidly attained and the apparent volumes of the central and peripheral compartments of the two‐compartment open model were the same ( ca 125 ml/kg). Body clearance (mean ± S.D., n = 6) of kanamycin was 3.21 ±0.72 ml/kg/min. The half‐life of the drug was short (58.18 ± 18.43 min) and independent of the route of parenteral (intravenous and intramuscular) administration. Absorption of kanamycin from the intramuscular site was rapid, with a half‐time of 9.08 ± 1.10 min. A systemic availability of 89.1 ± 15.8% was obtained. Based on the bioavailability and disposition kinetics a dosage regimen consisting of the intramuscular injection of the dose (10 mg/kg) at 6 h intervals is proposed. An intravenous infusion rate of 48 μg/kgymin is predicted to establish a steady state serum concentration of 15 μg/ml, which is a therapeutic level of the antibiotic for susceptible micro‐organisms.