Premium
Sleep disorders in Taiwanese children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Author(s) -
Huang YuShu,
Chen NingHung,
Li HsuehYu,
Wu YuYu,
Chao ChiaChen,
Guilleminault Christian
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
journal of sleep research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.297
H-Index - 117
eISSN - 1365-2869
pISSN - 0962-1105
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2869.2004.00408.x
Subject(s) - cbcl , attention deficit hyperactivity disorder , polysomnography , child behavior checklist , attention deficit , psychiatry , obstructive sleep apnea , psychology , medicine , neuropsychology , sleep study , pediatrics , clinical psychology , apnea , cognition
Summary To assess obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD) in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) compared with a control group. The ADHD was diagnosed based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, version IV (DSM‐IV) criteria on successively seen elementary school children aged 6–12 years referred to a psychiatric clinic for suspected ADHD. A standardized interview (Kiddie‐SADS‐E), parents and teacher questionnaires, neuropsychological testing, and nocturnal polysomnography were completed for each child. Eighty‐eight children (77 boys) with ADHD and 27 controls were involved in the study. Fifty children with ADHD (56.8%) had an apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) >1 event h −1 and 17 (19.3%) had an AHI >5 event h −1 . Nine children (10.2%) had a periodic limb movement index (PLMI) >5 events h −1 . There is one child with AHI >1 and none with a PLMI > 5 in the control group. In the test of variables of attention (TOVA), the response time was significantly worse in ADHD with sleep disorders than those without them. The child behavior checklist (CBCL) showed a significant difference between groups in the hyperactivity subscale. The diagnostic criteria for ADHD based on DSM‐IV do not differentiate between children with or without sleep disorders. Evaluation of sleep disorders should be considered before starting drug treatment for ADHD.