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The Sentence Completion and Three Wishes tasks: windows into the inner lives of people with intellectual disabilities
Author(s) -
Dykens E.,
Schwenk K.,
Maxwell M.,
Myatt B.
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
journal of intellectual disability research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.941
H-Index - 104
eISSN - 1365-2788
pISSN - 0964-2633
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2788.2006.00937.x
Subject(s) - psychology , cbcl , sentence completion tests , checklist , sentence , perception , developmental psychology , projective test , intellectual disability , affect (linguistics) , child behavior checklist , clinical psychology , cognitive psychology , psychiatry , communication , linguistics , philosophy , neuroscience , psychoanalysis
Background Measuring the self‐perceptions, thoughts, hopes and inner lives of persons with intellectual disabilities (ID) has long been a research challenge. Unlike objective or projective tests, semi‐projective tasks may provide persons with ID with just enough structure or cues to convey their self‐perceptions in a spontaneous and unbiased manner. Methods Sentence Completion and Three Wishes tasks were individually administered to 128 persons with ID aged 5–50 years (mean = 18.75 years). Participants had Prader–Willi, Williams or Down syndromes. Content analyses resulted in 19 codes that were used to reliably score both tasks by independent raters who achieved excellent levels of inter‐rater agreement. Participants also received IQ testing, and their parents or care providers completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Results Frequent themes across both tasks included activities, positive affect, desired objects, and relationships with family and pets. No gender or IQ effects were found, and just a few codes showed modest age effects. Several responses, including dating, friends, food, and positive or negative self‐appraisals, were significantly related to either syndrome status or CBCL maladaptive behaviour. Conclusions Although not widely used, the Sentence Completion and Three Wishes tasks are useful semi‐projective techniques for garnering otherwise hard‐to‐access self‐perceptions and associations of people with ID. Implications are discussed for practice and research.