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The association between cheese consumption and cardiovascular risk factors among adults
Author(s) -
Houston D. K.,
Driver K. E.,
Bush A. J.,
Kritchevsky S. B.
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
journal of human nutrition and dietetics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.951
H-Index - 70
eISSN - 1365-277X
pISSN - 0952-3871
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-277x.2008.00853.x
Subject(s) - medicine , waist , blood pressure , body mass index , anthropometry , population , limiting , circumference , blood lipids , environmental health , demography , cholesterol , engineering , mechanical engineering , geometry , mathematics , sociology
Background Although current dietary guidelines recommend limiting foods high in fat and saturated fat, such as high‐fat dairy, the effect of cheese consumption on body composition and cardiovascular risk factors is largely unknown. Methods Participants from a US population‐based survey, NHANES III, aged 25–75 years who completed a food frequency questionnaire and had measures of body composition and cardiovascular risk factors were included ( n = 10 872). Linear regression was used to compare anthropometrics, blood lipids, blood pressure and blood glucose across categories of cheese consumption (combined full and low‐fat). Results In women, more frequent cheese consumption was associated with higher HDL‐C and lower LDL‐C ( p for trend, < 0.05). However, in men, more frequent cheese consumption was associated with a higher body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, HDL‐C and LDL‐C, and diastolic blood pressure ( p for trend, < 0.05). Men consuming 30 + servings/month had significantly higher BMI, waist circumference, and diastolic blood pressure compared to nonconsumers ( P < 0.05). Conclusions More frequent cheese consumption was associated with less favourable body composition and cardiovascular risk profile in men, but with a more favourable cardiovascular risk profile in women. However, the type of cheese consumed by men and women may have differed resulting in opposing trends on body composition and cardiovascular risk factors.