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Exotoxin‐induced consumptive coagulopathy in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L.: inhibitory effects of exogenous antithrombin and α 2 ‐macroglobulin on Aeromonas salmonicida serine protease
Author(s) -
SALTE R.,
NORBERG K.,
ØDEGAARD O. R.,
ARNESEN J. A.,
OLLI J. J.
Publication year - 1993
Publication title -
journal of fish diseases
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.819
H-Index - 85
eISSN - 1365-2761
pISSN - 0140-7775
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2761.1993.tb00876.x
Subject(s) - salmo , aeromonas salmonicida , biology , serine protease , consumptive coagulopathy , macroglobulin , antithrombin , microbiology and biotechnology , exotoxin , protease , fishery , zoology , biochemistry , immunology , fish <actinopterygii> , toxin , enzyme , heparin , platelet
. Consumptive coagulopathy was induced within 4 h in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., by injecting purified serine protease from Aeromonas salmonicida into the dorsal aorta. Pretreatment with a bolus intravascular injection of (human) antithrombin (AT) or (bovine) α 2 ‐macroglobulin (α 2 M) just prior to injection of the protease alleviated the in vivo pro‐coagulant effects of the enzyme, but could not hinder the development of consumptive coagulopathy. In fish receiving only saline as pretreatment, the coagulopathy was evident even after 28h, but the fish were not overtly sick. The addition of the exogenous inhibitors increased the fish's natural protection against the bacterial exotoxin, suggesting that both AT and α 2 M are of importance for the outcome of the pathologic process. Results further indicate that while AT in vivo was mainly directed against generated thrombin and activated coagulation factor X (FX a ), α 2 M inhibited the protease directly.