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Population pharmacokinetic analysis of vancomycin in patients with gram‐positive infections and the influence of infectious disease type
Author(s) -
Yamamoto M.,
Kuzuya T.,
Baba H.,
Yamada K.,
Nabeshima T.
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.622
H-Index - 73
eISSN - 1365-2710
pISSN - 0269-4727
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2710.2008.01016.x
Subject(s) - pharmacokinetics , vancomycin , population , medicine , population pharmacokinetics , infectious disease (medical specialty) , pneumonia , pharmacology , staphylococcus aureus , disease , biology , bacteria , environmental health , genetics
Summary Objective: To describe the population pharmacokinetics of vancomycin in patients with gram‐positive infections and to investigate the influence of type of infectious disease. Methods: A two‐compartment open model was adopted as a pharmacokinetic model. The nonlinear mixed‐effects model was used to analyze the population pharmacokinetic models. Results: We propose one general model and one infectious disease type‐specific model. The general model showed that vancomycin clearance (CL) was linearly correlated with estimated creatinine clearance (CL CR ) when CL CR was less than 85 mL/min, as expressed by CL(L/h) = 0·0322 × CL CR + 0·32. The distribution volumes of the central and peripheral compartment were different in healthy volunteers and patients with gram‐positive infections. The infectious disease type‐specific model showed that these differences were more pronounced in patients with pneumonia. Conclusion: The population pharmacokinetic parameters of vancomycin obtained here can be used to individualize the dosage of vancomycin in institutions with similar patient population characteristics.