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The chemokine system and CCR5 antagonists: potential in HIV treatment and other novel therapies
Author(s) -
Dhami H.,
Fritz C. E.,
Gankin B.,
Pak S. H.,
Yi W.,
Seya M.J.,
Raffa R. B.,
Nagar S.
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.622
H-Index - 73
eISSN - 1365-2710
pISSN - 0269-4727
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2710.2008.00978.x
Subject(s) - maraviroc , ccr5 receptor antagonist , pharmacology , chemokine receptor ccr5 , chemokine receptor , medicine , chemokine , integrase inhibitor , immunology , virology , human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , immune system , antiretroviral therapy , viral load
Summary Since the recognition of human acquired immune deficiency syndrome, numerous classes of pharmacologic therapeutics have been developed to manage the disease. Current therapy includes co‐administration of combinations of drugs classified by their mechanism of action as ‘transcriptase inhibitors’, ‘protease inhibitors’, ‘integrase inhibitors’ and the more recent ‘fusion inhibitors’. This review focuses on the chemokine system and the recognition of chemokine receptors as targets for anti‐human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) therapy. The FDA‐approved chemokine (C–C motif) receptor 5 (CCR5) antagonist maraviroc (Selzentry ® ) is discussed in detail, along with another compound vicriviroc, currently in clinical trials. The mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, toxicity and current status of research on CCR5 antagonists is described. Further, potential therapeutic uses of these agents other than anti‐HIV therapy are discussed.