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A systematic review of the literature: workplace violence in the emergency department
Author(s) -
Taylor Jessica L,
Rew Lynn
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
journal of clinical nursing
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.94
H-Index - 102
eISSN - 1365-2702
pISSN - 0962-1067
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2010.03342.x
Subject(s) - workplace violence , cinahl , emergency department , psycinfo , systematic review , occupational safety and health , medicine , suicide prevention , poison control , intervention (counseling) , health care , emergency nursing , nursing , injury prevention , medical emergency , medline , psychological intervention , political science , pathology , law
Aims and objectives. To synthesise the body of literature on workplace violence in the emergency department and to identify characteristics of intervention studies that are the basis for guiding best practice modelling in the clinical setting. The research question addressed was what are the characteristics and findings of studies since 2004 on workplace violence in the emergency department? Background. Emergency departments are prone to increased incidents of workplace violence. Workplace violence in the health care setting has become a hot topic of policy, political debate and research in recent years. Despite the research that has been carried out in this area, little consensus exists as to what are the best practices for mitigating violence in this setting. Design. Systematic literature review. Methods. Search using four online databases, including MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO and the Dissertations and Theses Full Text Database. Results. Most research focused on the incidence rates of workplace violence in the emergency department and effects on staff. There was a significant lack of intervention studies to provide a framework for guiding evidence‐based practice. Themes of under‐reporting violence, barriers and attitudes towards reporting, description and characterisation of incidents of violence, predisposing factors and the concept of safety or lack of fear were all major content areas addressed in the literature. Conclusions. Incidence of workplace violence in the emergency department has been well documented in numerous published studies. Emergency department workers are exposed to significant rates of physical and verbal abuse. Under‐reporting of workplace violence in the emergency department is common and contributes to the difficulty in accurately tracking violence. Relevance to clinical practice. Future research must move beyond descriptive studies to include more advanced research methods. Few practice‐guiding implications can be gained from this body of research because of the lack of intervention studies.