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Self‐efficacy, outcome expectations and self‐care behaviour in people with type 2 diabetes in Taiwan
Author(s) -
Wu ShuFang Vivienne,
Courtney Mary,
Edwards Helen,
McDowell Jan,
ShortridgeBaggett Lillie M,
Chang PeiJen
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
journal of clinical nursing
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.94
H-Index - 102
eISSN - 1365-2702
pISSN - 0962-1067
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2006.01930.x
Subject(s) - self efficacy , diabetes mellitus , disease , multilevel model , medicine , self care , analysis of variance , psychology , type 2 diabetes , clinical psychology , outpatient clinic , regression analysis , outcome (game theory) , health care , gerontology , social psychology , machine learning , economic growth , computer science , economics , endocrinology , mathematics , mathematical economics
Aims. To explore differences in self‐care behaviour according to demographic and illness characteristics; and relationships among self‐care behaviour and demographic and illness characteristics, efficacy expectations and outcome expectations of people with type 2 diabetes in Taiwan. Background. Most people with diabetes do not control their disease appropriately in Taiwan. Enhanced self‐efficacy towards managing diseases can be an effective way of improving disease control as proposed by the self‐efficacy model which provides a useful framework for understanding adherence to self‐care behaviours. Design and methods. The sample comprised 145 patients with type 2 diabetes aged 30 years or more from diabetes outpatient clinics in Taipei. Data were collected using a self‐administered questionnaire for this study. One‐way anova , t ‐tests, Pearson product moment correlation and hierarchical regression were analysed for the study. Results. Significant differences were found: between self‐care behaviour and complications ( t = −2·52, p < 0·01) and patient education ( t = −1·96, p < 0·05). Self‐care behaviour was significantly and positively correlated with duration of diabetes ( r = 0·36, p < 0·01), efficacy expectations ( r = 0·54, p < 0·01) and outcome expectations ( r = 0·44, p < 0·01). A total of 39·1% of variance in self‐care behaviour can be explained by duration of diabetes, efficacy expectations and outcome expectations. Conclusions. Findings support the use of the self‐efficacy model as a framework for understanding adherence to self‐care behaviour. Relevance to clinical practice. Using self‐efficacy theory when designing patient education interventions for people with type 2 diabetes will enhance self‐management routines and assist in reducing major complications in the future.