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Global warming tugs at trophic interactions
Author(s) -
BROOK BARRY W.
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
journal of animal ecology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.134
H-Index - 157
eISSN - 1365-2656
pISSN - 0021-8790
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2656.2008.01490.x
Subject(s) - trophic level , songbird , phenology , climate change , predation , ecology , global warming , biology , food web , adaptability , trophic cascade , foraging
Climate change impacts are becoming increasingly evident as 1 °C warming above pre‐industrial temperatures is approached. One of the signature biological effects is a shift towards earlier‐timed reproduction. If individual species lack sufficient adaptive plasticity to alter phenology, they will have reduced fitness in a hotter world. Yet, a long‐term study of an oak–caterpillar–songbird–sparrowhawk food web reveals that what could matter as much is if trophic interactions are disrupted. Multiple selective pressures may be triggered by climate change, leading to a tug‐of‐war between the need to stay in synchrony with the timing of maximum food, and the benefits of minimizing predation.