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Energy Use for Continuous Thermal Processing of Milk
Author(s) -
BIZIAK R.B.,
SWARTZEL K.R.,
JONES V.A.
Publication year - 1985
Publication title -
journal of food science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.772
H-Index - 150
eISSN - 1750-3841
pISSN - 0022-1147
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2621.1985.tb10544.x
Subject(s) - sterilization (economics) , thermal energy , thermal , heat flow , energy (signal processing) , chemistry , thermodynamics , materials science , mathematics , physics , monetary economics , economics , foreign exchange market , foreign exchange , statistics
Energy use in a direct heat/vacuum cooling system was evaluated and compared to an indirect unit during start‐up, sterilization, and milk processing. Product flow rates were 606‐1325 L/hr. Process temperatures were 138 and 149°C. Energy for start‐up was 1.7 to 2.9 x 10 5 kJ for the direct; 0.9 to 1.4 x 10 5 kJ, indirect. Energy for 30 min sterilization was 4.0 to 5.6 x 10 5 kJ for direct; 2.3 to 3.7 x 10 5 kJ, indirect. Product processing energy was 357.9‐436.8 kJ/kg for indirect; 547.8‐697.6 kJ/kg direct. Greater heat recovery potential and fewer pumps made the indirect system less energy intensive. Methods of energy conservation are suggested.