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BOD AND COD DETERMINATIONS ON CITRUS WASTE STREAMS AND COMPONENT PARTS
Author(s) -
CRANDALL P. G.,
KESTERSON J. W.
Publication year - 1980
Publication title -
journal of food science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.772
H-Index - 150
eISSN - 1750-3841
pISSN - 0022-1147
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2621.1980.tb03888.x
Subject(s) - chemical oxygen demand , orange (colour) , chemistry , biochemical oxygen demand , oxygen , sugar , food science , pulp and paper industry , botany , wastewater , environmental science , environmental engineering , biology , organic chemistry , engineering
Triplicate grapefruit and orange samples of about 500 kg each were processed under controlled pilot plant conditions. Composite samples of the wash water and the products of each unit operation were analyzed for oxygen demand by the long chemical oxygen demand (LCOD), short‐chemical oxygen demand (S‐COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD). Additionally, samples of grapefruit and orange were washed by hand with 0.4L of H 2 O/kg fruit before dividing the fruit into six component parts: flavedo, albedo, membrane, juice sacs, seeds, and juice. Samples of fruit were also prepared by grinding the whole fruit in a comminuting machine. The L‐COD values for the pilot plant runs ranged from 68 ppm on the water used to rinse grapefruit before it was washed, to more than 1,180,000 ppm for the dried orange peel. The weight of rinse water was 40% of the fruit weight and dry peel weights were 8% of the fruit weight. For the component parts, the L‐COD ranged from 416 ppm for the rinse water to more than 1.5 million ppm for the grapefruit seeds. Covariance analysis comparing differences in oxygen demand measurements within a cultivar in addition to the differences in percentage of total solids and °Brix is discussed.