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Gas Chromatographic Determination of Anthocyanins and Other Flavonoids as Silyl Derivatives
Author(s) -
KEITH ELIZABETH S.,
POWERS JOHN J.
Publication year - 1966
Publication title -
journal of food science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.772
H-Index - 150
eISSN - 1750-3841
pISSN - 0022-1147
DOI - 10.1111/j.1365-2621.1966.tb03278.x
Subject(s) - chemistry , petunidin , chromatography , silylation , anthocyanidins , pelargonidin , cyanidin , malvidin , quercitrin , organic chemistry , rutin , anthocyanin , polyphenol , food science , antioxidant , catalysis
SUMMARY Gas chromatographic methods were developed for the separation of apigeninidin compounds, pelargonidin, cyanidin, delphinidin, petunidin, and malvidin. Protocatechuie, p‐hydroxybenzoic, gallie, vanillie, and syringic acids–which are useful for the identification of particular anthocyanidins–were also amena‐able to gas chromatographic analysis. Phlorglucinol could likewise he measured. Separation of rhamnose, ribose, xylose, fructose, ga‐lactose, and glucose was good. Except for fructose, the others are common glycosidie sugars and aid in differentiating anthocyanins. Retention times were determined for the monogluco‐sides of delphinidin, petunidin, pelargonidin, and malvidin; for a delphinidin glycoside extracted from wild grape hyacinths; and for arhutin, hesperidin, rutin, and quercitrin. Betanin likewise was volatile as the silyl ether. Rhamnetin, catechin, and quercetin yielded good gas chromatographic waves. Phenolphthalein and naphthorescoreinol were sometimes used as internal standards. The silyl ethers or esters above were prepared in pyridine or dimethyl sulfoxide. The data suggest that gas chromatography might he used for preparative as well as for identification purposes.